The Indus Valley Civilization ( 3300-1300 Bce ) Essay

Abstract Introduction The Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1300 BCE) was the one among the greatest early civilzation of the Old World alongside the ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia (Wright 2009, Wright 2010), which developed in South Asia along perennially flowing Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra ( also called as Saraswati) river in northwest India and eastern Pakistan (Wright 2010, Giosan 2012, Maemoku 2013). Though least studies so far, emerging archeological studies suggest that the Indus Valley (oftenly called Harappa) might have been most wide spread, extending across today’s northwest Pakistan deep into western India and carried probably more than five million people at its peak (Kahn 2005, McIntosh 2008). Reduced water supply has possibly caused the civilization’s demise and eastward movement of its population (Madella 2006, MacDonald 2011, Brooke 2014) towards the Gangetic plain after its decline (Possehl 1999; McIntosh 2002:11) giving rise to many succeeding Vedic tradition linked cultur es reinforced by reports of many religious artefacts of Hindu practices from Indus Valley locations (Mishra 2001). The northwestern region of pre-partition India was the centre for Indus Valley civilization and for the shift from hunting-gathering to the societies with settled agriculture and domesticated animals (Allchin and Allchin 1997) well supported by archeological discoveries of first agricultural occupation in the Indus basin near Mehrgarh (now in Pakistan) and surrounding areasShow MoreRelatedArgumentative Essay on Telivision Is the Leading Cause of Violence in Todays Society9353 Words   |  38 PagesDate range Phase Era 7000 - 5500 BCE Mehrgarh I (aceramic Neolithic) Early Food Producing Era 5500-3300 Mehrgarh II-VI (ceramic Neolithic) Regionalisation Era 5500-2600 3300-2600 Early Harappan 3300-2800 Harappan 1 (Ravi Phase) 2800-2600 Harappan 2 (Kot Diji Phase, Nausharo I, Mehrgarh VII) 2600-1900 Mature Harappan (Indus Valley Civilization) Integration Era 2600-2450 Harappan 3A (Nausharo II) 2450-2200 Harappan 3B 2200-1900 Harappan 3C 1900-1300 Late Harappan (Cemetery H); OchreRead MoreHistory of Science Technology in Indian Subcontinent5042 Words   |  21 Pages(7000–3000 BC)[show] * Mehrgarh Culture (7000–3300 BC) | Bronze age (3000–1300 BC)[show] * Indus Valley Civilization (3300–1700 BC) *   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Early Harappan Culture (3300–2600 BC) *   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Mature Harappan Culture (2600–1900 BC) *   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Late Harappan Culture (1700–1300 BC) * Ochre Coloured Pottery culture (from 2000 BC) * Swat culture (1600–500 BC) | Iron age (1200–26 BC)[show] * Vedic period (2000–500 BC) *   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Black and Red ware culture (1300–1000 BC) *   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Painted Grey Ware culture (1200–600